viernes, 30 de marzo de 2018

THE PLURALS OF NOUNS


THE PLURALS OF NOUNS
By adding -s
Singular
Plural
Singular
Plural
ant
ants
lock
locks
bicycle
bicycles
magazine
magazines
cow
cows
nose
noses
daughter
daughters
orange
oranges
egg
eggs
picture
pictures
flower
flowers
rose
roses
grape
grapes
spoonful
spoonfuls
house
houses
toy
toys
jug
jugs
vase
vases
king
kings
well
wells


By adding -es to nouns ending in –ch, -s, -sh, -ss, and -x
Singular
Plural
Singular
Plural
beach
beaches
dish
dishes
inch
inches
thrush
thrushes
match
matches
boss
bosses
watch
watches
dress
dresses
bus
buses
glass
glasses
octopus
octopuses
kiss
kisses
syllabus
syllabuses
box
boxes
virus
viruses
fox
foxes
brush
brushes
six
sixes
bush
bushes
tax
taxes





By adding –s to nouns ending in -o
Singular
Plural
Singular
Plural
dynamo
dynamos
studio
studios
photo
photos
tattoo
tattoos
piano
pianos
torso
torsos
radio
radios
trio
trios
solo
solos
zero
zeros


By adding -–es to nouns ending in -o
Singular
Plural
Singular
Plural
buffalo
buffaloes
potato
potatoes
echo
echoes
tomato
tomatoes
hero
heroes
tornado
tornadoes
mosquito
mosquitoes
veto
vetoes


By adding –s or –es to nouns ending in -o
Singular
Plural
Singular
Plural
banjo
banjos/banjoes
memento
mementos/mementoes
archipelago
archipelagos/es
peccadillo
peccadillos/es
cargo
cargos/cargoes
lasso
lassos/lassoes
mango
mango/mangoes
indigo
Indigos/indigoes
motto
mottos/mottoes
volcano
volcanos/volcanoes




By changing –y into –ies if a noun ends in a consonant before the -y
Singular
Plural
Singular
Plural
beauty
beauties
fairy
fairies
cherry
cherries
family
families
curry
curries
nappy
nappies
diary
diaries
spy
spies
duty
duties
theory
theories



By adding –s if there is a vowel before the -y
Singular
Plural
Singular
Plural
chimney
chimneys
kidney
kidneys
donkey
donkeys
monkey
monkeys
guy
guys
toy
toys
jersey
jerseys
trolley
trolleys
key
keys
valley
valleys


By changing –f or –fe into –ves
Singular
Plural
Singular
Plural
calf
calves
life
lives
elf
elves
loaf
loaves
half
halves
sheaf
sheaves
knife
knives
thief
thieves
leaf
leaves
wife
wives



By adding –s to nouns ending in –f or –fe
Singular
Plural
Singular
Plural
chef
chef
handcuff
handcuffs
chief
chiefs
reef
reefs
cliff
cliffs
roof
roofs
giraffe
giraffes
safe
safes
gulf
gulfs
sheriff
sheriffs



By adding –s or changing –f into –ves
Singular
Plural
dwarf
dwarfs/dwarves
handkerchief
handkerchiefs/-ves
hoof
hoofs/hooves
scarf
scarfs/scarves
turf
turfs/turves
wharf
wharfs/wharves



By changing the vowels
Singular
Plural
Singular
Plural
axis
axes
goose
geese
cactus
cacti
louse
lice
crisis
crises
mouse
mice
emporium
emporia/emporiums
oasis
oases
fungus
fungus/funguses
tooth
teeth



By adding –en or –ren
Singular
Plural
Singular
Plural
ox
oxen
child
children



By changing the vowels
Singular
Plural
Singular
Plural
axis
axes
goose
geese
cactus
cacti
louse
lice
crisis
crises
mouse
mice*
emporium
emporia/emporiums
oasis
oases
fungus
fungi/funguses
tooth
teeth
* For computer mouse, the plural is mice or mouses.


The plural and singular forms of some nouns are the same
advice
advice
knowledge
knowledge
aircraft
aircraft
music
music
baggage
baggage
news
news
cattle
cattle
offspring
offspring
cod
cod
scenery
Scenery
deer
deer
series
series
fish
fish**
sheep
sheep
furniture
furniture
species
species
information
information


** More than one fish of the same species. Fishes are the plural of more than one species of fish.


 Some nouns are used only in the plural
binoculars
measles
riches
sneakers
clothes
pants
sandals
spectacles
goggles
people
scissors
stockings
goods
pincers
shears
thanks
gymnastics
pliers
shorts
tongs
jeans
pyjamas/pajamas
slippers
trousers


Some nouns are used only in the singular
accommodation
economics
linguistics
poetry
athletics
equipment
luggage
politics
billiards
fun
mathematics
traffic
darts
furniture
news